Aged Pu-Erh Tea
Romancing the Chinese Yunnan

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Pu-erh Tea

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An everyday tea brick and another naturally aged raw pu-erh tea cake.

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Ever wonder which is the most romantic tea in the world?

You may have something else in mind, but my vote will go to the Pu-erh tea. Whether it is the geography, history or simply the tea processing, it is endlessly fascinating.

Yunnan Province

yunnanIf there is only one place I can visit in China, it would probably be the Yunnan province.

Yunnan means South of Clouds. It is situated at the most Southwestern part of China, bordering Vietnam, Laos and Burma.

Being China's most diverse province, it has 25 out of the 56 ethnic groups in China.

The landscape is diverse, ranging from the mild climate of Kunming (the capital city) to alpine mountains of Shangrila (Zhongdian town) to the traveler oasis of Lijiang (an ancient city with many circulating waterways), where many Westerners decided to make it their home!

And of course, there is the tropical rainforest of Xishuangbanna, where the pu-erh tea plants are cultivated.

Ancient Tea Road

yunnanThe earliest cultural exchange between China and the West can be traced back to the Ancient Silk Road, which connected the Chinese capital city of Xian to Istanbul.

The Chinese traded silk and porcelain in exchange for Mediterranean perfume and precious stones.

While the Silk Road exited via Northwestern China, another trading route existed down South - the Ancient Tea Road.

This trading route connected the tea producing region of Xishuangbanna to Tibet and Eastern China.

In its heyday, it even reached as far as other parts of Himalayas (Bhutan, Nepal and Sikkim) and Southeast Asia (Burma, Vietnam, Laos and Thailand).

The Yunnan merchant traded Pu-erh tea for Tibetan horses and medicinal herbs.

For thousands of years, the merchants and horses left their footprints on this trading route, the reason why it is called the Ancient Road of Tea and Horse.

Post-Oxidized Tea

yunnanThe romance of Pu-erh lies in the passage of time. A raw pu-erh cake can take 5 years to smell ripe, and up to 20 years for the myriads of flavors to emerge.

Here is the secret why it always gets better with time. The Chinese people spends thousands of years perfecting tea. There are six types of Chinese teas:

  • Green tea

  • White tea

  • Yellow tea

  • Oolong tea

  • Red tea

  • Pu-erh tea

For most teas, oxidation occurs during the making process.

pu-erh teaA traditional pu-erh tea is made with minimal oxidation. This means a raw pu-erh is like a green tea, white tea or yellow tea, depending on how it is made. Post oxidation occurs afterwards.

A raw pu-erh tea can taste astringent and bitter.

After 3 to 5 years, some rawness still remains, mingled with some other smells.

After 5 to 10 years, you can detect ripeness in the dry leaves, which also acquires a tint of red. The tea liquor tastes sweet and mellow.

After 20 years, you can longer detect ripeness in the dry leaves, which now shines with a luster. A rich, powerful aroma emerges from the liquor, carrying fragrances that you would never imagine exist

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